L3_S29_Parts of the Sentence

L3_S29_Parts of the Sentence

A sentence, in the English language, consists of at least a subject and a predicate. In other words, a sentence should have a subject and a verb.

Subject

The subject can be a noun or a pronoun that does the action.

Predicate

The verb is the action performed by the particular subject in the sentence.

Components of a Sentence

Five main components make up the structure of a sentence, and they are,

·         Subject- A noun that performs the action in a sentence is considered as the subject.

·         Verb- A verb shows action or activity or work done by the subject. Remember that all verbs including main verbs, helping verbs, stative verbs and action verbs come under this category.

·         Object- An object is a noun or pronoun that receives the action done by the subject. Objects are of two types and they are, Direct Object (A noun or pronoun that receives the action directly) and Indirect Object (the word or phrase that receives the direct object).  

·         Complement- The words required to complete the meaning of a sentence can be referred to as the complement of the sentence. A complement can be an adjective, a name, a position or a profession. The two types of complement are, Subject Complement (expresses the quality or identity or condition of the subject) and Object Complement (expresses the quality or identity or condition of an object).

·         Adjunct- An adjunct is a word or a phrase that gives more information about an action, an event, a quality and so on. In short, it can be said that these words can include adverbs and adverb clauses. Adjuncts can be identified by asking questions ‘when’, ‘where’, ‘why’, ‘how’, ‘how often’ and ‘to what extent’.

Examples   

1.    The stars / are shining.

Subject / Verb

2.    Children / love / ice creams.

Subject / Verb / Object

3.    I / am / an Indian.

Subject + Verb + Complement

4.    Madhu / reached / early.

Subject / Verb / Adjunct

5.    It / is / my birthday / next month.

Subject / Verb / Object / Adjunct

6.    The Board / offered / me / the job.

Subject / Verb / Indirect Object / Direct Object

7.    Suddenly, / it / grew / dark.

Adjunct / Subject / Verb / Complement

8.    Last week, / we / celebrated / Holi.

Adjunct / Subject / Verb / Object

9.    Today, / the teacher / gave / us / our papers.

Adjunct / Subject / Verb / Indirect Object / Direct Object

10. They / go / to work / by bus.

Subject / Verb / Adjunct / Adjunct

11. Normally, / my parents / come / by bus / to Pondicherry.

Adjunct / Subject / Verb / Adjunct / Adjunct

 

Activity

I. Identify the Sentence Structure for the given sentences.  

1. My dog is acting weird lately.

2. It is getting too cold here.

3. The sky is blue.

4. Every year, the company updates its registry.

5. Brittany bought me a pair of shoes.

6. Nobody knows the answer.

7. The movie was great.

8. I will come home as soon as I finish work.

9. In September, she will be travelling to New York.

10. My brother’s phone is not working.

Extra task

Write some simple questions (at least 10) by yourself or by using your textbooks. Try to identify the sentence structure for it